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1.
Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci. (Online) ; 59: e189113, fev. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1363104

ABSTRACT

Animal shelters are places with a high risk of exposure to infectious diseases due to the high density, population dynamics of the shelter, and the stress to which dogs and cats are subjected. The immunization process through vaccines is an essential component in the prevention and health and welfare management program for these animals. This review aims to evaluate the guidelines on vaccination of dogs and cats in shelter environments, highlighting points of comparison with the Brazilian reality.(AU)


Os abrigos de animais são locais com um alto risco de exposição às doenças infecciosas devido à alta densidade, à dinâmica populacional do abrigo e ao estresse a que os cães e gatos estão submetidos. O processo de imunização por meio das vacinas é um componente essencial no programa de prevenção e gestão de saúde e bem-estar para esses animais. Esta revisão tem como objetivo revisar as diretrizes sobre a vacinação de cães e gatos em ambientes de abrigos, ressaltando pontos de comparação com a realidade brasileira.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Dogs , Vaccines/administration & dosage , Immunization/veterinary , Vaccination/veterinary , Disease Prevention , Housing, Animal
2.
Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci. (Online) ; 59: e183392, fev. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1363114

ABSTRACT

Animal abuse is a criminal offense in Brazil and can be dealt with by several government agencies, including municipal ones. Cases of animal abuse reported to the Department of Health Surveillance, of the Municipal Health Secretariat of Campo Magro, Paraná, Brazil, between March of 2019 and December of 2020 were analyzed to assess the most common forms of abuse and animals involved. A total of 140 complaints were received in this period; 132 were investigated, of which 81 were considered authentic. The most common form of abuse was neglect 64.2% (52/81). Cases of neglect were further classified into four types (although cases may be classified with more than one type), resulting in 106 classifications of neglect. Behavioral neglect was the most common form of neglect 33.9% (36/106). As more than one animal could be involved in each report, the 81 authentic cases involved a total of 471 animals. Dogs were the species most commonly affected 78.5% (370/471). The vast majority of animal abuse was perpetrated against adult animals. Statistically significant correlations were found between the sex and age of dogs and abuse and between species and the different forms of abuse for dogs and cats.(AU)


Os maus-tratos aos animais são considerados crime no Brasil e o atendimento desse tipo de ocorrência pode ser realizado por diferentes órgãos governamentais, incluindo os municipais. O presente trabalho analisa denúncias atendidas pelo Departamento de Vigilância em Saúde, da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Campo Magro, Paraná, Brasil, entre março de 2019 e dezembro de 2020 e avalia os tipos mais comuns de maus-tratos a animais e os animais envolvidos. Um total de 140 denúncias foram recebidas e 132 foram fiscalizadas, destas, 81 foram consideradas procedentes. A forma mais prevalente de maus-tratos foi a negligência com 64,2% (52/81). Os casos de negligência foram classificados em quatro diferentes tipos (cada caso pode ser classificado em mais de um tipo de negligência). O tipo mais frequente foi a negligência comportamental com 33,9% (36/106). Como mais de um animal podia estar envolvido em cada caso de maus-tratos, os 81 casos procedentes contabilizaram 471 animais envolvidos. A espécie canina foi a mais afetada, sendo 78,5% (370/471). A maior parte dos casos de maus-tratos foram cometidos contra animais adultos. Correlações estatísticas significativas foram encontradas entre o sexo e faixa etária dos cães em relação à ocorrência de maus-tratos e, também, entre a espécie e os diferentes tipos de maus-tratos para cães e gatos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Animal Welfare/legislation & jurisprudence , Crime/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Retrospective Studies
3.
Campo Limpo Paulista; Integrativa Vet; 2019. 506 p. ilus, tab.
Monography in Portuguese | SES-SP, LILACS, ColecionaSUS, SMS-SP, COVISA-Acervo | ID: biblio-1023279
4.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 21(1): 102-106, Jan.-Feb. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039181

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study was conducted to provide information on the genetic diversity of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) circulating in the municipality of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Southeast Brazil during 1996-2006, a period with two distinct outbreaks of B19V infection: 1999-2000 and 2004-2005. A total of 27 sera from patients with erythema infectiosum and five sera from HIV-infected patients that tested positive for B19V DNA during the study period were analyzed. To genotype B19V strains, a semi-nested PCR for partial amplification of the capsid gene was performed and sequence analysis revealed that 31 sequences belonged to subgenotype 1a (G1a) of the main genotype 1 and one sequence was characterized as subgenotype 3b (G3b). The phylogenetic tree supported the division of the G1a into two well-defined clades with 1.3% of divergence. The low diversity of the G1a strains may be explained by the fact that all patients had acute B19V infection and 30/32 sera were collected during two distinct outbreaks. The G3b strain was from an HIV-infected patient who seroconverted to anti-B19 IgG antibodies in September/2005. This is the first report of G3b in the state of Rio de Janeiro.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Disease Outbreaks , Parvovirus B19, Human/genetics , Erythema Infectiosum/epidemiology , Erythema Infectiosum/virology , Phylogeny , Brazil/epidemiology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Erythema Infectiosum/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Genotype
5.
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 47(9): e20161073, 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1044958

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: In 2015, AWIN Goat Protocol was published in Europe, with indicators that identify welfare level of lactating dairy goats; however, there are no welfare protocols for meat goat. Therefore, the objective of this study was to select animal and resource-based indicators to assess welfare in meat goat in different types of grazing systems in Brazilian semiarid Northeast. Eighteen indicators were selected to evaluate the welfare of meat goat. The knowledge of the welfare degree of these animals is the best way to make improvements and promote a better quality of life to meat goat.


RESUMO: Em 2015, o Protocolo AWIN para cabras foi publicado na Europa, com indicadores que identificam o nível de bem-estar das cabras leiteiras em lactação, no entanto não existem protocolos de bem-estar para cabras de corte. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi selecionar indicadores baseados nos animais e recursos para avaliar o bem-estar em cabras de corte em diferentes tipos de sistemas de pastejo no semiárido do Nordeste brasileiro. Dezoito indicadores foram selecionados para avaliar o bem-estar de cabras. O conhecimento do grau de bem-estar destes animais é o melhor caminho de realizar melhorias e promover uma melhor qualidade de vida para cabras de corte.

6.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 111(4): 258-266, Apr. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-779000

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to analyse the course and the outcome of the liver disease in the co-infected animals in order to evaluate a possible synergic effect of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) co-infection. Nine adult cynomolgus monkeys were inoculated with serum obtained from a fatal case of B19V infection and/or a faecal suspension of acute HAV. The presence of specific antibodies to HAV and B19V, liver enzyme levels, viraemia, haematological changes, and necroinflammatory liver lesions were used for monitoring the infections. Seroconversion was confirmed in all infected groups. A similar pattern of B19V infection to human disease was observed, which was characterised by high and persistent viraemia in association with reticulocytopenia and mild to moderate anaemia during the period of investigation (59 days). Additionally, the intranuclear inclusion bodies were observed in pro-erythroblast cell from an infected cynomolgus and B19V Ag in hepatocytes. The erythroid hypoplasia and decrease in lymphocyte counts were more evident in the co-infected group. The present results demonstrated, for the first time, the susceptibility of cynomolgus to B19V infection, but it did not show a worsening of liver histopathology in the co-infected group.


Subject(s)
Male , Hepatitis A virus , Hepatitis A/complications , Liver Failure, Acute/virology , Macaca fascicularis/virology , Parvoviridae Infections/complications , Parvovirus B19, Human , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Coinfection/virology , Disease Models, Animal , Hepatitis A virus/immunology , Hepatitis A/immunology , Parvoviridae Infections/immunology , Parvovirus B19, Human/immunology , Viremia
7.
Ciênc. rural ; 45(11): 2039-2043, Nov. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-762927

ABSTRACT

A two-stage cluster sample design was used to estimate population parameters of dogs and cats of the urban area of Votorantim, São Paulo State, Brazil, to support the planning and implementation of population management programs for companion animals. For dogs, the total and density estimates were 27,241 dogs (95% confidence interval [CI]=23,903-30,578) and 951 dogs km-2 (95% CI=835-1,068), respectively. For cats, these estimates were 5,579 cats (95% CI=3,595-7,562) and 195 cats km-2 (95% CI=126-264). Cost was the most prevalent reason for not sterilizing the animals (33%, 95% CI=23%-44%, Deff=6.1). The percentage of interviewees that expressed reasons for abandoning their animals was equal to 9 (95% CI=5-13, Deff=2.1). Other estimates were obtained, including indirect estimates of abandonment. The estimates associated with abandonment suggest that the prevalence of this phenomenon can significantly affect population dynamics. Distribution of dogs per household can be used to construct hypothetical populations and to validate estimation procedures. The estimates generated allow parameterizing mathematical models and constructing population management indicators.


Um desenho amostral por conglomerados em dois estágios foi usado para estimar parâmetros populacionais de cães e gatos da área urbana de Votorantim, São Paulo, Brasil, visando dar suporte ao planejamento e implementação de programas de manejo populacional de animais de companhia. Para os cães, as estimativas do total e da densidade foram 27,241 cães (95% intervalo de confiança [CI]=23,903-30,578) e 951 cães km-2 (95% CI=835-1,068), respectivamente. Para os gatos, essas estimativas foram 5,579 gatos (95% CI=3,595-7,562) e 195 gatos km-2 (95% CI=126-264). O custo foi a razão mais prevalente para não esterilizar os animais (33%, 95% CI=23%-44%, Deff=6.1). A porcentagem de entrevistados que relatou razões para abandonar seus animais foi igual a nove (95% CI=5-13, Deff=2.1). Outras estimativas foram obtidas, incluindo estimativas indiretas de abandono. As estimativas associadas ao abandono sugerem que a prevalência desse fenômeno pode afetar significativamente a dinâmica populacional. A distribuição de cães por domicílio pode ser usada para construir populações hipotéticas e validar procedimentos de estimação. As estimativas geradas permitem a parametrização de modelos matemáticos e a construção de indicadores de manejo populacional.

8.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 109(2): 168-173, abr. 2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-705810

ABSTRACT

Immunocompromised patients may develop severe chronic anaemia when infected by human parvovirus B19 (B19V). However, this is not the case in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with good adherence to highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). In this study, we investigated the clinical evolution of five HIV-infected patients receiving HAART who had B19V infections confirmed by serum polymerase chain reaction. Four of the patients were infected with genotype 1a strains and the remaining patient was infected with a genotype 3b strain. Anaemia was detected in three of the patients, but all patients recovered without requiring immunoglobulin and/or blood transfusions. In all cases, the attending physicians did not suspect the B19V infections. There was no apparent relationship between the infecting genotype and the clinical course. In the HAART era, B19V infections in HIV-positive patients may be limited, subtle or unapparent.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antibodies, Viral/blood , HIV Infections/complications , Parvoviridae Infections/immunology , /immunology , /isolation & purification , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Anemia/complications , Anemia/diagnosis , Antibodies, Viral/immunology , Biomarkers/blood , Genotype , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Medication Adherence , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Parvoviridae Infections/complications , /genetics
9.
Rev. dor ; 15(2): 96-99, Apr-Jun/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-713049

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Drug administration to children is a widely spread practice, however it may lead to several health problems, because in addition to medical guidance it requires attention of parents and caregivers. This study aimed at identifying the prevalence of drug administration in children by their tutors, before medical assistance. METHODS: This is a quantitative descriptive research involving adults who were escorting children, before medical assistance in a Children's First Aid Unit of a medium-sized city of the Vale do Paraíba Paulista in the months of June, July and August 2011, being data recorded by means of a specific form. RESULTS: Participated in the study 105 adults responsible for the children who reported that 71.42% of children were medicated before medical assistance and only 28.58% have not adopted such practice. Most frequent symptom was fever, present in 40% of participants, and drugs used were paracetamol and dipirone. CONCLUSION: Our results allow concluding that there has been a high rate of drug administration to children before medical assistance, with predominance of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, which may be noxious to health. It is clear the need for the adoption of measures which favor the access to health services, in addition to the awareness about the risk of administering drugs without medical prescription. .


JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A administração de fármacos na criança é uma prática amplamente difundida, porém pode levar a inúmeros prejuízos à saúde, pois além da orientação médica, exige atenção dos pais e cuidadores. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a prevalência da administração de fármacos na criança, por seus responsáveis, previamente ao atendimento médico. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa descritiva, envolvendo adultos que acompanhavam as crianças antes do atendimento médico em um Pronto Socorro Infantil de um município de médio porte do Vale do Paraíba Paulista, nos meses de junho, julho e agosto de 2011, sendo os dados registrados por meio de um formulário específico. RESULTADOS: Participaram do estudo 105 adultos responsáveis pelas crianças que relataram que 71,42% das crianças foram medicadas previamente ao atendimento médico e apenas 28,58% não adotaram essa prática. O principal sintoma citado foi febre, presente em 40% dos participantes, e os fármacos mais utilizados foram o paracetamol e a dipirona. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que houve um alto índice de administração de fármacos nas crianças previamente ao atendimento médico, com predomínio dos anti-inflamatórios não esteroides, fármacos esses que podem causar lesões à saúde. Evidencia-se a necessidade de adoção de medidas que favoreçam o acesso aos serviços de saúde, além da conscientização sobre os riscos da administração de fármacos sem a devida prescrição médica. .

10.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 107(3): 356-361, May 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-624017

ABSTRACT

Erythrovirus B19 (B19V) infection may cause red cell aplasia in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has improved the immune function of these patients by modifying the course of B19V infection. The purpose of this study was to estimate the frequency of B19 seroconversion in a cohort of HIV-infected patients and evaluate the occurrence of B19V-related anaemia during the seroconversion period. Adult HIV-infected patients were studied at a public hospital in Niterói, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. IgG and IgM antibodies against B19V were detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and B19 viraemia was assayed by polymerase chain reaction. Medical records were reviewed for any clinical evaluation of anaemia. Seroconversion was detected in 31.8% of the 88 individuals who began the study as anti-B19V IgG-negative. No clinical manifestations of B19V infection were detected during the period of seroconversion. Patients who seroconverted were 5.40 times more likely to have anaemia than those who did not [odds ratio 5.40 (95% confidence interval: 1.33-22.93)]. Anaemia was detected in eight patients. All patients recovered from anaemia by either beginning or continuing HAART, without requiring blood transfusions. In the HAART era, B19V infection may only be associated with a course of disease characterised by less severe chronic anaemia. This milder course of B19V-associated disease is likely due to the increased immune function of HAART-treated patients.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/immunology , Anemia/virology , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Parvoviridae Infections/immunology , /immunology , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , DNA, Viral/analysis , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Immunoglobulin M/blood , Polymerase Chain Reaction
13.
São Paulo; s.n; out. 2006. 165 p. ilus, tab, graf.(BEPA, 3, supl.5).
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, SESSP-CTDPROD, SES-SP | ID: lil-494673

ABSTRACT

O convívio do ser humano com cães e gatos, um fenômeno de caráter global, remonta a milênios e configura-se como um dos mais estreitos e intensos vínculos entre espécies. A intensidade dessa relação repercute de forma importante sobre a saúde das pessoas e dos animais, impactando decisivamente o meio ambiente. Históricamente, o controle das zoonoses nasce no cerne da "revolução pasteuriana", quando a vacina contra a raiva é desenvolvida - abrindo novas perspectivas para a saúde pública. O avanço constante da investigação científica e o desenvolvimento das tecnologias na área da biociência, aliados ao surgimento de novos paradigmas de saúde e bem-estar social, permitiram à humanidade implementar mecanismos mais eficientes de controle de agravos. No entanto, mesmo estes devem ser periodicamente reavaliados. Esta nova visão...


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Dogs , Government Programs , Population Control , Zoonoses , Guidelines as Topic , Health Promotion
14.
São Paulo; s.n; out. 2006. 165 p. ilus, tab, graf.(BEPA, v.3, supl.5).
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, ColecionaSUS, SES-SP, SESSP-CTDPROD, SES-SP, SESSP-ACVSES | ID: biblio-933197

ABSTRACT

O convívio do ser humano com cães e gatos, um fenômeno de caráter global, remonta a milênios e configura-se como um dos mais estreitos e intensos vínculos entre espécies. A intensidade dessa relação repercute de forma importante sobre a saúde das pessoas e dos animais, impactando decisivamente o meio ambiente. Históricamente, o controle das zoonoses nasce no cerne da "revolução pasteuriana", quando a vacina contra a raiva é desenvolvida - abrindo novas perspectivas para a saúde pública. O avanço constante da investigação científica e o desenvolvimento das tecnologias na área da biociência, aliados ao surgimento de novos paradigmas de saúde e bem-estar social, permitiram à humanidade implementar mecanismos mais eficientes de controle de agravos. No entanto, mesmo estes devem ser periodicamente reavaliados. Esta nova visão...


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Dogs , Government Programs , Population Control , Zoonoses , Guidelines as Topic , Health Promotion
15.
Rev. saúde pública ; 38(4): 565-570, ago. 2004. mapas, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-363400

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Dada a importância do conhecimento acerca da população de cães e gatos domiciliados para o adequado planejamento e avaliação das ações de controle da raiva em áreas urbanas, propõe-se a utilização de um valor preciso de estimativa dessas populações com base em indicadores populacionais humanos. MÉTODOS: Foi calculada a razão entre as populações humana e animal (canina e felina) por meio de inspeções domiciliares, no Município de Taboão da Serra, SP. O município foi dividido em duas áreas homogêneas distintas socioeconomicamente, de acordo com o algoritmo da média k, de modo a permitir a comparação das razões homem:animal (cão e gato) das áreas homogêneas. RESULTADOS: A razão entre a população humana e a população canina foi 5,14 e a entre a humana e a felina foi 30,57. Não foi observada diferença significativa ao comparar-se as razões entre as populações humana e animal das áreas homogêneas. CONCLUSÕES: A adoção de uma metodologia de estimativa populacional canina e felina domiciliada, baseada em indicadores populacionais humanos, é a mais indicada e facilmente exeqüível quando comparada ao censo canino.


Subject(s)
Animals, Domestic , Dogs , Population Forecast , Cats , Rabies/prevention & control
16.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 44(4): 187-190, July-Aug. 2002. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-321219

ABSTRACT

The prevalence of anti-human parvovirus B19 IgG antibodies was determined in sera from 165 chronic hemolytic anemia patients, receiving medical care at Instituto Estadual de Hematologia (IEHE), Rio de Janeiro, during the year of 1994. This sample represents around 10 percent of the chronic hemolytic anemia patients attending at IEHE. Most of these patients (140) have sickle cell disease. Anti-B19 IgG antibodies were detected in 32.1 percent of patients. No statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) was seen between IgG antibody prevalence in male (27.8 percent) and female (35.5 percent) patients. Anti-B19 IgG antibodies were more frequent in older (37.6 percent) than younger (28.2 percent) than 20 years old patients, although this difference had no statistical significance (p > 0.05). Anti-B19 IgG antibody prevalence showed that 67.9 percent of patients enrolled in the study were susceptible to B19 acute infection. With the aim to detect acute B19 infection, patients follow up continued until February 1996. During this period four patients presented transient aplastic crisis due to human parvovirus B19 as confirmed by the detection of specific IgM antibodies. All four patients were younger than 20 years old, and 3 were younger than 10 years old. Three of them were sickle cell disease patients. Three of the four acute B19 infection occurred during 1994 springtime


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Anemia, Aplastic , Anemia, Hemolytic , Antibodies, Viral , Parvoviridae Infections , Parvovirus B19, Human , Anemia, Aplastic , Anemia, Hemolytic , Brazil , Chronic Disease , Epidemiologic Methods , Immunoglobulin G , Immunoglobulin M , Parvoviridae Infections
17.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 9(1): 42-46, jan.-abr. 2002. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-322496

ABSTRACT

Amostras fecais de cäes com até seis meses de idade, com gastrenterite, foram testadas para a presença do parvovírus canino (CPV) pelo teste de hemaglutinaçäo (HA) e confirmadas como positivas pelo teste de inibiçäo da hemaglutinaçäo. Noventa e duas das 208 amostras recebidas no período de abril de 1995 a novembro de 2000 foram positivas. Aproximadamente, 76 por cento das amostras foram obtidas de cäes entre dois e quatro meses de idade. Entre os 92 animais positivos para CPV-2,28 tinham sido vacinados, e para 11 destes o resultado positivo do HA poderia ser devido a detecçäo do vírus vacinal. Através da reaçäo em cadeia pela polimerase, pode-se confirmar a infecçäo pelo vírus selvagem em nove dos 11 animais vacinados. Neste estudo näo foi possível observar que fatores como sexo ou raça possam ser importantes no desenvolvimento da doença. No período estudado, o parvovírus canino pode ser detectado, em todos os meses do ano, näo apresentando sazonalidade definida.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Gastroenteritis , Parvoviridae Infections/diagnosis , Parvoviridae Infections/veterinary , Parvovirus, Canine , Feces
18.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 37(2): 132-135, 2000. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-326456

ABSTRACT

Fecal samples from puppies with gastroenteritis less than 7 months old were examined for canine parvovirus infection (CPV-2) by hemagglutination (HA) and subsequent hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests. Forty of the 79 samples collected from April 1995 to June 1997 were found to be positive. About 70 percent of these samples were from 2 to 4 months old puppies, age in which they are at increased risk of developing CPV-2 infection, despite of vaccination. No seasonal distribution of canine parvovirus cases was found and it was supported by the results of a retrospective study realized at PolVet-UFF, which showed that gastroenteritis cases occurred throughout the year, for a six-year period (1991-97) in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Gastroenteritis , Hemagglutination Tests , Parvovirus, Canine
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